A common, mostly benign pathology that must be monitored regularly.
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop inside or on the surface of the ovaries. They are very common and usually benign and asymptomatic.
There are four types of ovarian cysts. Functional cysts are related to the menstrual cycle and often resolve on their own (within 2-3 cycles). Endometriomas are the result of endometriosis. Dermoid cysts are congenital and are rarely cancerous. Cystadenomas are benign tumors that can grow considerably.
To discover and observe cysts to prevent any harmful development, you must undergo annual gynecological check-ups. Another preventive measure is using oral contraceptives, which reduce the risk of functional cysts.
Ovarian cysts are mostly silent. They are usually discovered incidentally after experiencing symptoms such as pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, menstrual irregularities, and abdominal bloating. Causes for alarm, further evaluation, or emergency treatment are:
Sudden severe pain
Fever, vomiting, or dizziness
A 4-5 cm cyst that persists or has solid components
If you experience severe symptoms, please see a specialist as soon as possible.
Ovarian cysts may be discovered through a transvaginal ultrasound. More advanced imaging methods are used when the diagnosis is uncertain, such as an MRI or a CT scan. If malignancy is suspected, a blood test may be required (CA-125 tumor marker).
Treatment is required when a cyst is large (>5-10 cm), symptomatic, suspicious for cancer, or when torsion occurs. Cysts are mainly treated by laparoscopic surgery.
For appointments, call my office every Thursday between 9.30 and 15.30.
